This child’s face is displaying diffuse lymphedema of the neck due to a mumps virus infection of the parotid salivary glands.

Description

Mumps is a disease caused by the mumps virus. Prior to routine vaccination, it was a common childhood illness.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms associated with mumps are fever, muscle aches, and swollen parotid glands (saliva glands under the ears and jaw). Most cases of mumps get better after several days. Occasionally the illness can be complicated by infection in the brain or testicles (orchitis).

Trasmission

The mumps virus is contagious and is spread by coughing, sneezing, and coming into contact with saliva and respiratory secretions. Symptoms usually start about 2–3 weeks after exposure.

The mumps vaccine was licensed in 1967 and since then, the number of cases of mumps seen in the United States has decreased dramatically. Recently there has been an outbreak of mumps in Iowa, particularly on college campuses. Neighboring states in the Midwest have also reported mumps infection. Some of the cases were seen in people who had been vaccinated so having had the vaccine is not 100% protective. A few cases of mumps are reported every year in California however there is no evidence of an outbreak occurring in the state at this time.

Although no cases have yet been confirmed in San Diego, it is very possible for someone traveling from other parts of the country or the world to become infected and bring the virus to our area.

Diagnosis

If you think you or your child has symptoms of mumps, you should see your doctor. Testing is available and involves a culture of the inside of the mouth and a blood test.

Treatment

There is no antibiotic available to treat mumps.

Prevention

The best way to protect yourself and your family from getting mumps is to make sure everyone is vaccinated. Children should be given 2 doses of the mumps vaccine (usually given in combination with measles and rubella vaccine - MMR) by the time they enter school. The vaccine is usually given at 1 year and a second dose at 4-5 years of age. If you or your child has not had the vaccine, you should see your doctor. Also protect yourself and your family from all respiratory viruses including mumps, by washing your hands frequently especially before eating and covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.

 More information about the mumps from the Centers for Disease Control

CSSD Division of Infectious Disease

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